Volcanoes in the Arabia-Central Asia Volcanic Regions
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Ararat
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Harrat Khaybar
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Harrat Khaybar
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Harras of Dhamar
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Damavand
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Tenduruk Dagi
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Harrat Khaybar
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Nemrut Dagi
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Harrat Ithnayn
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Harrat Khaybar
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Porak
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Ararat
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Tenduruk Dagi
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Bir Borhut
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Damavand
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Harrat Rahat
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Harrat Rahat
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Harrat Khaybar
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Harrat Khaybar
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Ghegham Volcanic Ridge
Additional information about the Volcanic Regions in this group and a map display is still being prepared.
There are 27 Holocene volcanoes in the Arabia-Central Asia Volcanic Regions.
Central Anatolian Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Last Eruption | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nemrut Dagi | Turkiye | 1650 CE | Composite |
| Tenduruk Dagi | Turkiye | 1855 CE | Shield |
| Ararat | Turkiye | 1840 CE | Composite |
Caucasus Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Last Eruption | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Samsari Volcanic Center | Georgia | Unknown | Cluster |
| Aragats | Armenia | Unknown | Composite |
| Porak | Armenia-Azerbaijan | 778 BCE | Cluster |
| Tskhouk-Karckar | Armenia-Azerbaijan | 3000 BCE | Cluster |
| Damavand | Iran | 5350 BCE | Composite |
| Elbrus | Russia | 50 CE | Composite |
| Ghegham Volcanic Ridge | Armenia | 1900 BCE | Cluster |
| Kazbek | Georgia | 750 BCE | Composite |
| Vaiyots-Sar | Armenia | 2000 BCE | Minor (Basaltic) |
Northern Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Last Eruption | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karaca Dag | Turkiye | Unknown | Shield |
| Harrat Ash Shaam | Syria-Jordan-Saudi Arabia | 2670 BCE | Cluster |
Western Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Last Eruption | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Harrat Lunayyir | Saudi Arabia | 1000 CE | Cluster |
| Harrat Ithnayn | Saudi Arabia | Unknown | Cluster |
| Harrat Khaybar | Saudi Arabia | 650 CE | Cluster |
| Harrat Rahat | Saudi Arabia | 1256 CE | Cluster |
| Harrat Kishb | Saudi Arabia | Unknown | Cluster |
Southwest Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Last Eruption | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Harrat al Birk | Saudi Arabia | Unknown | Cluster |
| Jabal Yar | Saudi Arabia | 1810 CE | Cluster |
| Harra of Arhab | Yemen | 500 CE | Cluster |
| Jabal Haylan | Yemen | 1200 BCE | Cluster |
| Harras of Dhamar | Yemen | Unknown | Cluster |
| Harra Es- Sawad | Yemen | 1253 CE | Cluster |
| Balhaf-Bir Ali Volcanic Field | Yemen | Unknown | Cluster |
| Bir Borhut | Yemen | Unknown | Cluster |
Chronological listings of known Holocene eruptions (confirmed or uncertain) from volcanoes in the Arabia-Central Asia Volcanic Regions. Bolded eruptions indicate current continuing activity as of 17 October 2024.
Central Anatolian Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tenduruk Dagi | 1855 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Ararat | 1840 Jul 2 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Ararat | [1783] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Nemrut Dagi | [1692 Apr 13] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Nemrut Dagi | 1650 Oct 27 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 1597 (in or before) | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Ararat | [1450] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Nemrut Dagi | 1441 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 1402 (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 1111 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 0531 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Tenduruk Dagi | 0550 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
| Ararat | 0550 BCE | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 0657 BCE ± 25 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 0787 BCE ± 25 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 1396 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 1662 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Ararat | 2450 BCE ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 4055 BCE ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 4321 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 4615 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 4849 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 4938 BCE ± 75 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 5085 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 5152 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 5242 BCE ± 75 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 5320 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 5745 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 6213 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 6471 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 7087 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 7579 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Nemrut Dagi | 7769 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count | |
| Suphan Dagi | [8050 BCE (?)] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Nemrut Dagi | 9950 BCE ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Varve Count |
Caucasus Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaiyots-Sar | [0753] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Elbrus | 0050 ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Tephrochronology | |
| Porak | [0740 BCE ± 2 years] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Kazbek | 0750 BCE ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Tephrochronology | |
| Porak | 0778 BCE ± 5 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Ghegham Volcanic Ridge | 1900 BCE ± 750 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Vaiyots-Sar | 2000 BCE (?) ± 1000 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Tskhouk-Karckar | 3000 BCE ± 300 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Tephrochronology | |
| Kazbek | 4000 BCE ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
| Porak | 4510 BCE ± 300 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Tephrochronology | |
| Damavand | 5350 BCE ± 200 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: Uranium-series |
Central Asia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taftan | [1993 Apr 25] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Taftan | [1902 Jan] | [Unknown] | Uncertain |
Northern Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harrat Ash Shaam | 2670 BCE ± 200 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (calibrated) |
Western Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harrat Rahat | [1292] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Harrat Rahat | 1256 Jun 5 | 1256 Jul 27 (?) | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harrat Lunayyir | 1000 (in or before) | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harrat Khaybar | 0650 ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harrat Rahat | 0641 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harrat ar Rahah-'Uwayrid | [0640 (?)] | [Unknown] | Uncertain |
Southwest Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harras of Dhamar | [1937] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Jabal Yar | 1810 ± 10 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harra Es- Sawad | 1253 | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Bir Borhut | [0950 (?)] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
| Harra of Arhab | 0500 ± 100 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
| Harra of Arhab | 0200 (after) | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology | |
| Jabal Haylan | 1200 BCE (after) | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Anthropology |
There are 39 Pleistocene volcanoes in the Arabia-Central Asia Volcanic Regions.
Central Anatolian Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Suphan Dagi | Turkiye | Composite |
| Girekol | Turkiye | Shield |
| Etrusk | Turkiye | Composite |
Caucasus Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Arpacay | Turkiye | Cluster |
| Kisir Dagi | Turkiye | Composite |
| Akhuryan Valley | Armenia | Cluster |
| Shamiram Plateau | Armenia | Cluster |
| Unnamed | Armenia | Cluster |
| Unnamed | Armenia | Cluster |
| Bijar Volcanic Field | Iran | Cluster |
| Kuh-e Ayyub Ansar | Iran | Minor |
| Keli Highland | Georgia | Cluster |
| Dzau | Georgia | Cluster |
| Sahand | Iran | Composite |
| Sabalan | Iran | Composite |
| Saray | Iran | Minor |
Central Asia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Qal'eh Hasan Ali | Iran | Cluster |
| Dacht-i-Navar Group | Afghanistan | Minor |
| Vakak Group | Afghanistan | Cluster |
| Gandom Beryan | Iran | Minor |
| Dehaj-Meduk | Iran | Cluster |
| Shahsavaran | Iran | Cluster |
| Zardolou Group | Afghanistan | Minor |
| Loman Volcano Group | Afghanistan | Minor |
| East Neh | Iran | Minor |
| Bazman | Iran | Composite |
| Nader | Iran | Cluster |
| Taftan | Iran | Composite |
| Sultan | Pakistan | Cluster |
Northern Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Karasu Rift | Turkiye | Cluster |
| Jabal al Qiranah | Jordan | Cluster |
| Kaukab | Syria | Cluster |
| Feidat el-Mieza | Syria | Minor |
| Himmat el-Jazira | Syria | Cluster |
| Tigris Lava Flows | Syria | Cluster |
Western Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Harrat ar Rahah-'Uwayrid | Saudi Arabia | Cluster |
| Harrat Hutaymah | Saudi Arabia | Cluster |
Southwest Arabia Volcanic Province
| Volcano Name | Country | Volcanic Landform |
|---|---|---|
| Jabal Baqarah | Saudi Arabia | Minor |
| Jibal al Haylah | Saudi Arabia | Minor |
